They are created by the refraction of light passing through flat, hexagonal ice crystals in high, cold clouds. They typically appear as two coloured patches of light either side of the sun and though rare, can in theory be seen anywhere in the world in any season. Sundogs are created when sunlight is refracted by large, hexagonal ice crystals, such as those in snowflakes. It is the result of a natural phenomenon in which sunlight passes though snow crystals in a particular way when they are suspended in the air. The sight of three suns in the sky is enough to make most of us rub our eyes in disbelief, but centuries ago, the strange sight was seen as a bad omen. The unusual spectacle is called a parhelion or a sundog. Shown are sundogs apppearing either side of the sun in Fargo, North Dakota ‘Even the more ordinary halos are fairly uncommon in the UK but in particularly bright and bitter conditions, such as in the US, absolutely spectacular ice halo displays can appear.’ ‘Visually, they can range from the one we could see night in parts of the UK, which was a cool and slightly creepy perfect circle around the moon, to a bright and ethereal display featuring multiple arcs and 'sundogs' (also known as parhelia), which appear as bright spots at the corners of the halo when the sun is near the horizon.’ ‘Ice halos are atmospheric phenomena that can occur around the sun or the moon, when tiny crystals of ice in the atmosphere refract and reflect light, creating a halo around the solar or lunar source,’ Ben Biggs, Editor for All About Space magazine, told MailOnline. On some occasions the halos are accompanied by sundogs - bright spots either side of the moon or sun as the crystals sink through the air, causing the light to be vertically aligned. It can also occur around the sun, for the same reasons described above. The effect is not exclusive to the moon, however. Here, a vapour trail from a plane is seen cutting through the halo above Herefordshire The only light that reaches your location is that which is located at the right distance away from the moon to form a ring. The reason that it forms as a ring is because of the angle of refraction.
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